abstract：RATIONALE:The majority of previous studies investigating asthma genetics have focused on cohorts with stable disease and have not defined mechanisms important during acute asthma. CD14 and CC16 each play a key role in biologically important inflammatory pathways and the gene of each has a functional promoter-region pol...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Martin AC,Laing IA,Khoo SK,Zhang G,Rueter K,Teoh L,Taheri S,Hayden CM,Geelhoed GC,Goldblatt J,LeSouëf PN

更新日期：2006-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Platelets are an important, albeit generally underappreciated, component of the inflammatory cascade. Platelets are known to contribute to inflammation in atherosclerosis, stroke, and asthma. They produce a large number of proinflammatory lipid mediators and cytokines, and play a vital role in recruitment of leukocyte...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： O'Sullivan BP,Michelson AD

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Lung allografts are prone to reperfusion injury and acute rejection, which, in addition to infiltrating lymphocytes, are accompanied by neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil-associated oxidative stress. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a unique cytosolic enzyme that possesses T-cell-suppressive and antio...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Liu H,Liu L,Fletcher BS,Visner GA

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Ipsilateral recurrence rates of spontaneous pneumothorax after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery are higher than rates after open thoracotomy. OBJECTIVES:This study was conducted to determine whether additional minocycline pleurodesis would be effective in diminishing recurrence after video-assisted thora...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Chen JS,Hsu HH,Chen RJ,Kuo SW,Huang PM,Tsai PR,Lee JM,Lee YC

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Chronic infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria in cystic fibrosis is associated with accelerated decline in pulmonary function and increased mortality. Clinical implications of the recently characterized genomovar VI, B. dolosa, are unknown. OBJECTIVES:Characterization of impact of B. dolosa on...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kalish LA,Waltz DA,Dovey M,Potter-Bynoe G,McAdam AJ,Lipuma JJ,Gerard C,Goldmann D

更新日期：2006-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Chronic exposure to indoor nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a public health concern. Over half of U.S. households have a source of NO2, and experimental data suggest potential for adverse respiratory effects. OBJECTIVE:To examine associations of indoor NO2 exposure with respiratory symptoms among children with asth...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Belanger K,Gent JF,Triche EW,Bracken MB,Leaderer BP

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Measurements of upper airway size and shape are important in investigating the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and in devising, applying, and determining the effectiveness of treatment modalities. We describe an endoscopic optical technique (anatomic optical coherence tomography, aOCT) that ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Armstrong JJ,Leigh MS,Sampson DD,Walsh JH,Hillman DR,Eastwood PR

更新日期：2006-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Density-based morphometric studies have demonstrated decreased capillary density in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and in BPD-like animal models, leading to the prevailing view that microvascular development is disrupted in BPD. OBJECTIVE:To perform a comprehensive analysis of the early and la...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： De Paepe ME,Mao Q,Powell J,Rubin SE,DeKoninck P,Appel N,Dixon M,Gundogan F

更新日期：2006-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:There is conflicting information about the development and resolution of airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) after repeated airway exposure to allergen in sensitized mice. METHODS:Sensitized BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were exposed to repeated allergen challenge on 3, 7, or 11 occasions. Air...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Koya T,Kodama T,Takeda K,Miyahara N,Yang ES,Taube C,Joetham A,Park JW,Dakhama A,Gelfand EW

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:T-bet (TBX21 or T-box 21) is a critical regulator of T-helper 1 lineage commitment and IFN-gamma production. Knockout mice lacking T-bet develop airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine, peribronchial eosinophilic and lymphocytic inflammation, and increased type III collagen deposition below the bronc...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Raby BA,Hwang ES,Van Steen K,Tantisira K,Peng S,Litonjua A,Lazarus R,Giallourakis C,Rioux JD,Sparrow D,Silverman EK,Glimcher LH,Weiss ST

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease commonly causes hospitalization. The change in lung mechanics during exacerbation and its relationship to symptoms in spontaneously breathing individuals has not been described. OBJECTIVE:We hypothesized that changes in both airflow and lung volumes would...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Stevenson NJ,Walker PP,Costello RW,Calverley PM

更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have considerable potential for treatment of tuberculosis (TB). The important technological advantages of nanoparticles used as drug carriers are high stability, high carrier capacity, feasibility of incorporation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, and feasibility ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Gelperina S,Kisich K,Iseman MD,Heifets L

更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Pure oxygen causes more oxidative stress than room air in resuscitation of asphyctic neonates, and consequently could be associated with increased tissue damage. OBJECTIVES:To compare damage caused to heart and kidneys on reoxygenation in severely asphyctic term neonates resuscitated with room air (RAR) or 1...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Vento M,Sastre J,Asensi MA,Viña J

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The effect of early life wheezing on respiratory function and continued symptoms through adolescence has not been fully described. Using data from a population-based birth cohort in Tucson, Arizona, we previously described four phenotypes based on the occurrence of wheezing lower respiratory illnesses before ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Morgan WJ,Stern DA,Sherrill DL,Guerra S,Holberg CJ,Guilbert TW,Taussig LM,Wright AL,Martinez FD

更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The potential role of atypical bacterial infection in the pathogenesis of asthma is a subject of continuing debate. There is an increasing body of literature concerning the association between the atypical bacteria Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae and asthma pathogenesis; however, many studies invest...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Johnston SL,Martin RJ

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The airway surface liquid, the thin layer of liquid covering the airways, is essential for mucociliary clearance and as a barrier against microbial and other noxious agents. Proteins secreted into the airway surface liquid by epithelial and nonepithelial cells may be important in innate immunity and to improv...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Candiano G,Bruschi M,Pedemonte N,Caci E,Liberatori S,Bini L,Pellegrini C,Viganò M,O'Connor BJ,Lee TH,Galietta LJ,Zegarra-Moran O

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:In cigarette smoking-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, structural and functional derangements are characterized by parenchymal destruction and pulmonary hypertension. Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors that have been used as lipid-lowering agents. These drugs ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Lee JH,Lee DS,Kim EK,Choe KH,Oh YM,Shim TS,Kim SE,Lee YS,Lee SD

更新日期：2005-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:An objective and simple prognostic model for patients with pulmonary embolism could be helpful in guiding initial intensity of treatment. OBJECTIVES:To develop a clinical prediction rule that accurately classifies patients with pulmonary embolism into categories of increasing risk of mortality and other adve...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Aujesky D,Obrosky DS,Stone RA,Auble TE,Perrier A,Cornuz J,Roy PM,Fine MJ

更新日期：2005-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Corticosteroids are the antiinflammatory treatment of choice in asthma. Treatment guidelines are mainly symptom-driven but symptoms are not closely related to airway inflammation. The fraction of nitric oxide in exhaled air (FENO) is a marker of airway inflammation in asthma. OBJECTIVE:We evaluated whether t...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Pijnenburg MW,Bakker EM,Hop WC,De Jongste JC

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Activins are members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily thought to be involved in repair processes after tissue injury. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to clarify whether activin and its antagonist, follistatin, played a significant role in lung injury and fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS:...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Aoki F,Kurabayashi M,Hasegawa Y,Kojima I

更新日期：2005-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a highly prevalent condition with unclear pathogenesis. Two competing theories of the pathogenesis of EIB differ regarding the inflammatory basis of this condition. OBJECTIVES:Our goals were to establish whether epithelial cell and mast cell activation with relea...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Hallstrand TS,Moody MW,Wurfel MM,Schwartz LB,Henderson WR Jr,Aitken ML

更新日期：2005-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Bronchial dehiscence after lung transplantation is difficult to treat and associated with high mortality. We describe our experience using self-expanding metallic stents to treat post-lung transplant bronchial dehiscence. From January 1995 to June 2004, 189 single and 118 double lung transplants were performed in our ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Mughal MM,Gildea TR,Murthy S,Pettersson G,DeCamp M,Mehta AC

更新日期：2005-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Recent cohort studies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have questioned the validity of previously reported associations between inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and reductions in mortality and rehospitalization in observational studies. Using time-dependent versions of statistical survival models,...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kiri VA,Pride NB,Soriano JB,Vestbo J

更新日期：2005-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The last century experienced remarkable advances in the classification, diagnosis, and understanding of the pathogenesis of the interstitial lung diseases. Technological advances, particularly physiologic testing, lung imaging studies, bronchoalveolar lavage, surgical lung biopsy, and histopathologic assessment, impro...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： King TE Jr

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Asthma commonly originates in early life in association with impaired lung function, which tracks to adulthood. OBJECTIVES:Within the context of a prospective birth cohort study, we investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a disintegrin and metalloprotease 33 (ADAM33) ge...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Simpson A,Maniatis N,Jury F,Cakebread JA,Lowe LA,Holgate ST,Woodcock A,Ollier WE,Collins A,Custovic A,Holloway JW,John SL

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brush cells, also termed tuft, caveolated, multivesicular, and fibrillovesicular cells, are part of the epithelial layer in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. The cells are characterized by the presence of a tuft of blunt, squat microvilli (approximately 120-140/cell) on the cell surface. The microvilli cont...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Reid L,Meyrick B,Antony VB,Chang LY,Crapo JD,Reynolds HY

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Long-term intermittent hypoxia (LTIH) exposure in adult mice, modeling oxygenation patterns of moderate-severe obstructive sleep apnea, results in lasting hypersomnolence and is associated with nitration and oxidation injuries in many brain regions, including wake-active regions. OBJECTIVES:We sought to dete...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Zhan G,Fenik P,Pratico D,Veasey SC

更新日期：2005-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Lung cancer screening using computed tomography (CT) is effective in detecting lung cancer in early stages. Concerns regarding false-positive rates and unnecessary invasive procedures have been raised. OBJECTIVE:To study the efficiency of a lung cancer protocol using spiral CT and F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose pos...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Bastarrika G,García-Velloso MJ,Lozano MD,Montes U,Torre W,Spiteri N,Campo A,Seijo L,Alcaide AB,Pueyo J,Cano D,Vivas I,Cosín O,Domínguez P,Serra P,Richter JA,Montuenga L,Zulueta JJ

更新日期：2005-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:In a high-tuberculosis (TB) incidence area of Cape Town, South Africa, there is a very high rate of unexplained recurrent TB. The incidence of new bacteriologically confirmed disease in the area is 313 per 100,000 individuals. OBJECTIVE:To estimate the rate of recurrent TB attributable to reinfection after s...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Verver S,Warren RM,Beyers N,Richardson M,van der Spuy GD,Borgdorff MW,Enarson DA,Behr MA,van Helden PD

更新日期：2005-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) and arterial blood carboxyhemoglobin concentrations (Hb-CO) increase in inflammatory pulmonary diseases. OBJECTIVES:To study whether arterial Hb-CO is useful to monitor disease activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who had stopped smoking. METHOD...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Yasuda H,Yamaya M,Nakayama K,Ebihara S,Sasaki T,Okinaga S,Inoue D,Asada M,Nemoto M,Sasaki H

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There have been four types of drug treatment of asthma that have been used over the past 100 years. Belladonna alkaloids, derived from the thorn-apple plant were used in 1905, and chemically synthesized entities in this class are still in use today. Western medicine began to use adrenergic stimulants approximately 100...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Chu EK,Drazen JM

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Recent findings have demonstrated that muscarinic M(3) receptor stimulation enhances airway smooth muscle proliferation to peptide growth factors in vitro. Because both peptide growth factor expression and acetylcholine release are known to be augmented in allergic airway inflammation, it is possible that ant...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Gosens R,Bos IS,Zaagsma J,Meurs H

更新日期：2005-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of noninvasive methods of monitoring airway inflammation, such as exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and induced sputum, has been shown to improve asthma monitoring and optimize treatment in adult patients with asthma. There is a lack of comparable data in children. Forty children with stable asthma eligible for inhal...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Zacharasiewicz A,Wilson N,Lex C,Erin EM,Li AM,Hansel T,Khan M,Bush A

更新日期：2005-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The influx of neutrophils into the lung is a sentinel event in LPS-induced acute lung inflammation. Previous studies have shown that systemic inhibition of p38 decreases LPS-induced neutrophil influx into the alveolar space but has no effect on pulmonary parenchymal neutrophil accumulation or on microvascular leak, in...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Arndt PG,Young SK,Lieber JG,Fessler MB,Nick JA,Worthen GS

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid and selective recruitment of neutrophils into the airspace in response to LPS facilitates the clearance of bacterial pathogens. However, neutrophil infiltration can also participate in the development and progression of environmental airway disease. Previous data have revealed that Toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) is...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Hollingsworth JW,Chen BJ,Brass DM,Berman K,Gunn MD,Cook DN,Schwartz DA

更新日期：2005-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) develops after inhalation of many different environmental antigens, causing variable clinical symptoms that often make diagnosis uncertain. The prevalence of HP is higher than recognized, especially its chronic form. Mechanisms of disease are still incompletely known. Strategies to im...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Fink JN,Ortega HG,Reynolds HY,Cormier YF,Fan LL,Franks TJ,Kreiss K,Kunkel S,Lynch D,Quirce S,Rose C,Schleimer RP,Schuyler MR,Selman M,Trout D,Yoshizawa Y

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) ratios during bronchoconstriction measured with the multiple inert gases elimination technique is frequently bimodal. However, the topographic basis and the cause of that bimodality remain unknown. In this article, regional VA/Q is quantified by three-dimensional positr...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Melo MF,Harris RS,Layfield JD,Venegas JG

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The effect of graft ischemic time on early graft function and long-term survival of patients who underwent lung transplantation remains controversial. Consequently, graft ischemic time has not been incorporated in the decision-making process at the time of graft acceptance. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the rela...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Thabut G,Mal H,Cerrina J,Dartevelle P,Dromer C,Velly JF,Stern M,Loirat P,Lesèche G,Bertocchi M,Mornex JF,Haloun A,Despins P,Pison C,Blin D,Reynaud-Gaubert M

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Static lung hyperinflation has important clinical consequences in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We analyzed the power of lung hyperinflation as measured by the inspiratory capacity-to-total lung capacity ratio (IC/TLC) to predict mortality in a cohort of 689 patients with chronic obstructive pul...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Casanova C,Cote C,de Torres JP,Aguirre-Jaime A,Marin JM,Pinto-Plata V,Celli BR

更新日期：2005-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To attain a better understanding of antibiotic cycling and its effects on the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in gram-negative microorganisms, two different antibiotic classes (quinolone and beta-lactam) were cycled during four 4-month periods in a surgical intensive care unit. Respiratory aspirates and rectal s...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： van Loon HJ,Vriens MR,Fluit AC,Troelstra A,van der Werken C,Verhoef J,Bonten MJ

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00